通过asm来存储数据库文件，在linux下能够通过asmlib的方式来管理块设备，也能够直接使用裸设备来建立asm磁盘。在asmlib方式下，磁盘设备启动顺序和名称的改变不会影响到asm的使用。但假设直接使用裸设备会怎么样那？我们知道asm会在磁盘中存储与asm有关的元数据，通过这些元数据asm能够了解磁盘的相关信息，因此理论上裸设备名称的改变不会影响asm的正常使用。以下，通过实验来验证一下。

首先看下面。裸设备的配置文件

node1

[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules

# Enter raw device bindings here.

#

# An example would be:

#   ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or

#   ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"

# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb2", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb5", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb6", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb7", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb8", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb9", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw7 %N"

node2:

[root@node2 rules.d]# cat 60-raw.rules

# Enter raw device bindings here.

#

# An example would be:

#   ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or

#   ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"

# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb2", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb5", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb6", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb7", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb8", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb9", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw7 %N"

asm下的磁盘信息例如以下：

[oracle@node1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1

[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Sun Aug 31 12:55:25 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SQL> col name for a30

SQL> col label for a30

SQL> col path for a30

SQL> set linesize 200

SQL> /

NAME			       LABEL			      PATH

------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------

DG1_0000						      /dev/raw/raw3

DG2_0000						      /dev/raw/raw4

DG3_0000						      /dev/raw/raw5

DG3_0001						      /dev/raw/raw6

DG4_0000						      /dev/raw/raw7

							      /dev/raw/raw2

							      /dev/raw/raw1

7 rows selected.

SQL> ho ssh node2

Last login: Sat Aug 30 17:56:54 2014 from node1

[oracle@node2 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2

[oracle@node2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Sun Aug 31 12:56:38 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SQL> col name for a30

SQL> col label for a30

SQL> col path for a30

SQL> set linesize 200

SQL> select name,label,path from v$asm_disk order by 1;

NAME			       LABEL			      PATH

------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------

DG1_0000						      /dev/raw/raw3

DG2_0000						      /dev/raw/raw4

DG3_0000						      /dev/raw/raw5

DG3_0001						      /dev/raw/raw6

DG4_0000						      /dev/raw/raw7

							      /dev/raw/raw2

							      /dev/raw/raw1

7 rows selected.

创建測试表：

SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name from dba_data_files;

FILE_NAME				     TABLESPACE_NAME

-------------------------------------------- ------------------------------

+DG4/easy/datafile/system.272.856543875      SYSTEM

+DG4/easy/datafile/undotbs1.273.856543885    UNDOTBS1

+DG4/easy/datafile/sysaux.274.856543891      SYSAUX

+DG4/easy/datafile/undotbs2.276.856543901    UNDOTBS2

+DG4/easy/datafile/users.277.856543905	     USERS

SQL> create table t1 (id number,name varchar2(20)) tablespace users;

Table created.

SQL> insert into t1 values(1,111);

1 row created.

SQL> insert into t1 select * from t1;

1 row created.

SQL> /

2 rows created.

SQL> /

4 rows created.

SQL> /

8 rows created.

SQL> /

16 rows created.

SQL> /

32 rows created.

SQL> /

64 rows created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> select count(*) from t1;

  COUNT(*)

----------

       128

SQL> update t1 set id=rownum,name=rownum;

128 rows updated.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

改动裸设备的路径名称并重起集群

[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules

# Enter raw device bindings here.

#

# An example would be:

#   ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or

#   ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"

# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb2", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb5", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw7 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb6", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb7", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb8", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb9", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"

[oracle@node1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1

[oracle@node1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Sun Aug 31 13:13:01 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SQL> col name for a30

SQL> col lable for a33

SQL> col path for a33

SQL> set linesize 222

SQL> col label for a31

SQL> /

NAME			       LABEL			       PATH

------------------------------ ------------------------------- ---------------------------------

DG1_0000						       /dev/raw/raw7

DG2_0000						       /dev/raw/raw6

DG3_0000						       /dev/raw/raw5

DG3_0001						       /dev/raw/raw4

DG4_0000						       /dev/raw/raw3

							       /dev/raw/raw1

							       /dev/raw/raw2

7 rows selected.

SQL> ho ssh oracle@node2

Last login: Sun Aug 31 12:56:27 2014 from node1

[oracle@node2 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2

[oracle@node2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Sun Aug 31 13:14:31 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SQL> col name for a31

SQL> col label for a31

SQL> col path for a31

SQL> set linesize 211

SQL> select name,label,path from v$asm_disk order by 1;

NAME				LABEL				PATH

------------------------------- ------------------------------- -------------------------------

DG1_0000							/dev/raw/raw3

DG2_0000							/dev/raw/raw4

DG3_0000							/dev/raw/raw5

DG3_0001							/dev/raw/raw6

DG4_0000							/dev/raw/raw7

								/dev/raw/raw2

								/dev/raw/raw1

7 rows selected.

SQL> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@node2 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=easy2

[oracle@node2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Sun Aug 31 13:15:31 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select count(*) from t1;

  COUNT(*)

----------

       128

SQL> select min(id),max(id) from t1;

   MIN(ID)    MAX(ID)

---------- ----------

	 1	  128

由此可见，裸设备路径和名称的改变不会影响asm的使用。可是，我们依旧建议保持路径名称的稳定性，方便管理。

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