ns3 myfirst.cc 两个节点点对点通信

首先在ns3.25/examples/tutorial/下找到 first.cc文件，将他拷贝到到scratch目录下。

然后为了方便将代码打出来

/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */

/*

 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as

 * published by the Free Software Foundation;

 *

 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the

 * GNU General Public License for more details.

 *

 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software

 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA

 */

#include "ns3/core-module.h"

#include "ns3/network-module.h"

#include "ns3/internet-module.h"

#include "ns3/point-to-point-module.h"

#include "ns3/applications-module.h"

using namespace ns3;

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("FirstScriptExample");

int

main (int argc, char *argv[])

{

  Time::SetResolution (Time::NS);

  LogComponentEnable ("UdpEchoClientApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

  LogComponentEnable ("UdpEchoServerApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

  NodeContainer nodes;

  nodes.Create ();

  PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

  pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue ("5Mbps"));

  pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", StringValue ("2ms"));

  NetDeviceContainer devices;

  devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes);

  InternetStackHelper stack;

  stack.Install (nodes);

  Ipv4AddressHelper address;

  address.SetBase ("10.1.1.0", "255.255.255.0");

  Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);

  UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer ();

  ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (nodes.Get ());

  serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));

  serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

  UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (interfaces.GetAddress (), );

  echoClient.SetAttribute ("MaxPackets", UintegerValue ());

  echoClient.SetAttribute ("Interval", TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));

  echoClient.SetAttribute ("PacketSize", UintegerValue ());

  ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (nodes.Get ());

  clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));

  clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

  Simulator::Run ();

  Simulator::Destroy ();

  return ;

}

首先研究头文件

#include "ns3/core-module.h"

#include "ns3/network-module.h"

#include "ns3/internet-module.h"

#include "ns3/point-to-point-module.h"

#include "ns3/applications-module.h"

这些头文件都被存放在build目录下的一个ns3的目录下，我们可以根据自己所需要的功能引用相应的头文件进来

using namespace ns3;

ns3的命名空间，这样我们就可以不用再写 ns3::xxx ，否则会编译错误。

NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE ("FirstScriptExample");

日志组件，这句话一看上去有点蒙，实际上的功能就是生成一个名字为“FirstScriptExample"的日志组件。

Time::SetResolution (Time::NS);

设置时间单位为纳秒，虽然我不是很明白为什么要设置时间单位为纳秒？？这个是百度得到的存在疑点

  LogComponentEnable ("UdpEchoClientApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

  LogComponentEnable ("UdpEchoServerApplication", LOG_LEVEL_INFO);

是两个日志组件生效，并且日志级别设置为INFO，这个两个日志是内建在Echo Client和Echo Sever的应用中。等下会有用到。

  NodeContainer nodes;

  nodes.Create (2);

这句话差不多就是声明一个节点容器 nodes，然后在李勇Create(2)生成两个节点。

  PointToPointHelper pointToPoint;

  pointToPoint.SetDeviceAttribute ("DataRate", StringValue ("5Mbps"));

  pointToPoint.SetChannelAttribute ("Delay", StringValue ("2ms"));

这个PointToPointHelper类负责来设置网络设备和信道属性。

其中把网络设备中“DateRate"数据速率设置为5Mbps，信道属性的延迟设置为2ms. 这个等下会在后面的生成结果，以及自己所学网络知识解释一下他用在什么地方。

  NetDeviceContainer devices;

  devices = pointToPoint.Install (nodes);

前面已经完成了用NodeContainer来创建节点，用PointToPointHelper来做关于创建、配置、安装的工作。现在他们两个之间执需要连接起来。需要一个NetDevices对象列表，可以通过NetDeviceContainer来存放他们，就像使用第一个NodeContainer对象来存放自身所创建的节点一样。

PointToPointHelper的Install（）方法一个NodeContainer对象作为一个参数，以一个NetDevice Container为返回对象。

对于NodeContainer的每一个节点，因为这里建立的是点对点的信道，所以明确的2个节点。一个PointToPointChannel对象被创建，2个PointToPointNetDevices和他连接。

所以最终就得到了，两个节点，每个节点安装了点到点网络设备，这两个网络设备之间安装了点到点的信道，2个设备会被配置在一个有2ms传输时延的信道上以5Mbps的速率传送数据。

  InternetStackHelper stack;

  stack.Install (nodes);

InternetStackHelper会为NodeContainer的每一个Node安装一个网络协议。

 Ipv4AddressHelper address;

  address.SetBase ("10.1.1.0", "255.255.255.0");

Ipv4AddressHelper为节点上的设备设置IP地址。通过SetBase方法告诉它从10.1.1.0开始以子网掩码为255.255.255.0分配地址，地址分配默认是从1开始单调增长。

  Ipv4InterfaceContainer interfaces = address.Assign (devices);

这个代码完成了地址配置， ns3中使用Ipv4Interface对象将一个IP地址同一个设备关联起来。而Ipv4InterfaceContainer提供了这样的功能，作为Ipv4Interface对象的容器。

到这里已经完成了一个安装了了协议栈，配置了IP地址类的点到点的网络。现在就是要用它做数据通信。

  UdpEchoServerHelper echoServer (9);

  ApplicationContainer serverApps = echoServer.Install (nodes.Get (1));

  serverApps.Start (Seconds (1.0));

  serverApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

声明了一个UdpEchoServerHelper 像其他Help类一样这个也不是应用本身，而是一个用来创建真正应用的对象，其中端口为9号端口。

并在刚刚NodeContainer里面的2号节点这里0为1号节点，1为2号节点。装入服务器应用，同样的这个的返回是一个Application对象，需要一个ApplicationContainer作为容器来存储

应用对象需要一个时间参数，开始以及停止，这里两行使得echo服务应用在1s时开始，在10s的时候停止。

 UdpEchoClientHelper echoClient (interfaces.GetAddress (1), 9);

  echoClient.SetAttribute ("MaxPackets", UintegerValue (2));

  echoClient.SetAttribute ("Interval", TimeValue (Seconds (1.0)));

  echoClient.SetAttribute ("PacketSize", UintegerValue (1024));

同样的客户端应用，首先给客户端的 UdpEchoClientHelper类传入要客户端要发送数据到的IP地址，以及端口号，这里设置的是服务器的设备IP地址，以及刚刚设置接受9号端口。

MaxPackets为在模拟期间能发送的最多的分组个数

Interval 为两个分组的要等待多少时间

PacketSize 为每个分组承载多少数据。这里的参数1024是字节，不是位！！！

ApplicationContainer clientApps = echoClient.Install (nodes.Get (0));

clientApps.Start (Seconds (2.0));

clientApps.Stop (Seconds (10.0));

然后再用同样的方法，把一号节点作为客户端，把客户端应用装在一号节点上，

应用开始服务为2s，结束服务为10s

至于为什么是2s开始，我也是有点蒙，查了有关资料，说是要等服务器生效1s后才开始作为服务比较合理。也可以通过改变上面参数为1，这是客户端就变成了1s的时候开始服务，就是1s时候开始发送数据。

  Simulator::Run ();

  Simulator::Destroy ();

启动模拟器，Simulator：：Run()，系统会开始遍历预设事件的列表并执行。

执行完毕用，就调用Simulator::Destory()来销毁刚刚所创建的一系列东西。

在eclipse下执行

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" 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运行结果

这是发送一个包，即客户端发送一个1024字节的分组到服务器，而这里客户端的端口我觉得应该是随机设定的，因为从头到尾就没有碰到过49153端口。

而为什么是 2.00369s才收到我做了一个运算即在2s的基础上 2s+1024*8/(5*10^6)（发送时延）s+0.002s（传输时延）=2.0036384s 与20.00369s还有一定差距，可差距已经很小，所以个人觉得把那部分时延可以视为处理时延（这里不存在排队时延）.

巴特西

ns3 myfirst.cc 两个节点点对点通信

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