pip install django

pip install djangorestframework

django-admin startproject restful

cd restful

# 创建一个应用

python manage.py startapp rest_app　　

INSTALLED_APPS = (

    ...

    'rest_framework',

    'rest_app.apps.Test_appConfig',

)

# 如果您的django版本小于1.9，需要把rest_app.apps.Test_appConfig更换完rest_app

class Game(models.Model):

    name = models.CharField(verbose_name='游戏名',max_length=64)

    company = models.CharField(verbose_name='公司',max_length=64)

    turnover = models.IntegerField(verbose_name='营业额')

    def __str__(self):

        return self.name
# python manage.py makemigrations
# python manage.py migrate     # 生成数据库
# python manage.py createsuperuser　　# 创建管理员

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-

__author__ = '40kuai'

from rest_framework import serializers

from test_app import models

# 定义一个关于刚才新建Game表的一个序列化类，用来验证和序列化Game表数据

class Test_app_serializer(serializers.Serializer):    # 继承serializers.Serializer类

    name = serializers.CharField(max_length=64)

    company = serializers.CharField(max_length=64)

    turnover = serializers.IntegerField()

    # 定义的create方法来实现新建数据，在子类中不重写改方法会raise NotImplementedError('`create()` must be implemented.')

    def create(self, validated_data):

        return models.Game.objects.create(**validated_data)

    def update(self, instance, validated_data): # 同上，不重写会raise 异常

        instance.game = validated_data.get('name', instance.name)

        instance.company = validated_data.get('company', instance.company)

        instance.turnover = validated_data.get('turnover', instance.turnover)

        return instance    

# /restful/restful/urls.py 
from django.conf.urls import url,include

from django.contrib import admin

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),

    url(r'^api/', include('test_app.urls')),# 指向test_app下的urls.py

]

# /restful/test_app/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url

from django.contrib import admin

from test_app import views

urlpatterns = [

    url(r'^game_list/',views.game_list),  # 显示所有相关信息（GET）和创建新数据（POST）

    url(r'^game_info/(\d+)/', views.game_info),　　# 显示单条数据（GET）以及对数据进行修改（POST）

]

from django.shortcuts import render

from django.http import HttpResponse

from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt  # 忽略post请求时的csrf问题

from test_app import serializer

from test_app import models

from rest_framework.renderers import JSONRenderer  # restful提供的序列化类

from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser  # restful提供的反序列化类

# Create your views here.

@csrf_exempt

def game_list(request):

    if request.method == 'GET':

        game = models.Game.objects.all()  # 获取数据库中所有数据

        game_serializer = serializer.Test_app_serializer(instance=game,

                                                         many=True)  # 通过自定义的serializer实例化数据，many参数为True表示处理多条数据

        return HttpResponse(JSONRenderer().render(game_serializer.data))  # 序列化serializer实例的数据

    elif request.method == 'POST':

        data = JSONParser().parse(request)  # 通过JsonParser类反序列化POST过来的数据

        game_serializer = serializer.Test_app_serializer(data=data)  # 通过反序列化后的数据创建serializer实例

        print(game_serializer)

        if game_serializer.is_valid():  # 通过is_valid()方法判断数据类型是否正确，这点和Django的From相似

            game_serializer.save()  # 验证通过保存数据，这里的game_serializer是自定义serializer的create函数返回的对象，进行保存

            return HttpResponse(JSONRenderer().render(game_serializer.data)) # 序列化数据返回前端

        else:  # 验证不通过，输出对应的报错信息

            print("验证不通过")

            return HttpResponse(JSONRenderer().render(game_serializer.errors)) 

# 注释同上

@csrf_exempt

def game_info(request, game_id):

    game_obj = models.Game.objects.get(id=game_id)

    if request.method == 'GET':

        game_serializer = serializer.Test_app_serializer(instance=game_obj)

        data = JSONRenderer().render(game_serializer.data)

        return HttpResponse(data)

    elif request.method == 'POST':

        data = JSONParser().parse(request)

        game_serializer = serializer.Test_app_serializer(instance=game_obj, data=data)

        if game_serializer.is_valid():

            game_serializer.save()

            return HttpResponse(JSONRenderer().render(game_serializer.data))

        else:

            return HttpResponse(JSONRenderer().render(game_serializer.errors))