class Person:

     country = "China"        # 类变量,也叫静态字段,用类或对象来访问

     def __init__(self,name,age,gender,passwd):

         self.nm = name           # 实例变量,也叫普通字段,用对象访问

         self.ag = age

         self.gd = gender

         self.pwd = passwd

 p1 = Person("小马",45,"男",123123)

 p1.country = "China-inner"    # 给p1新增一个country实例变量

 Person.country = "China-1"    # 改变类变量

 print(p1.country)     # China-inner    优先找p1封存的country, 没有则找类的country

 p2 = Person("老王",40,"女",123456)

 print(p2.country)     # China-1

 class Person:

     def func1(self):      # 实例方法, 也叫普通方法

         print("%s,性别%s,今年%s岁" %(self.nm,self.gd,self.ag))

     @classmethod

     def func2(cls):     # 不论是对象调用还是类调用, cls传递的永远都是Person这个类

         print("这是一个类方法")

     @staticmethod

     def func3():

         print("这是一个静态方法")

 p1.func1()         # 调用实例方法

 Person.func2()     # 调用类方法

 Person.func3()

 class Info:

     def __init__(self,name,gender,qq,birthday):

         self.nm = name

         self.gd = gender

         self.qq = qq

         self.bd = birthday

     @property

     def age(self):          # 把age()这个方法变成一个封装在self里的属性(实例变量),调用直接用self.age, 不用加().

         age = 2018 - self.bd

         return age

 p = Info("李大嘴","男","12653656@qq.com",1990)

 print(p.age)                # 调用时候不用加()

 class Info:

     __passwd_outer = 147258

     def __init__(self,name,passwd):

         self.name = name

         self.__passwd = passwd

     def show(self):

         return self.__passwd , Info.__passwd_outer

 s = Info("大壮",123456)

 print(s.name)

 print(s.show())    # 私有字段只能通过非私有方法(show方法)来返回.

 print(Info.__passwd_outer)      # 错误示范, 静态私有字段也拿不到.

 class Info:

     def __init__(self,name,passwd):

         self.name = name

         self.__passwd = passwd

     def __show(self):

         return "私有方法__show"

     def show(self):

         return self.__show()

 s = Info("王大锤",123123)

 # print(s.__show())    # 错误示范, 拿不到私有方法的返回值

 print(s.show())      # 通过非私有方法(show)来获取