Unity依赖注入使用
2024-03-31 15:30:06
构造器注入（Constructor Injection）：IoC容器会智能地选择选择和调用适合的构造函数以创建依赖的对象。如果被选择的构造函数具有相应的参数，IoC容器在调用构造函数之前会自定义创建相应参数对象；
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//1.创建一个UnityContainer对象
//2.通过UnityContainer对象的RegisterType方法来注册对象与对象之间的关系
//3.通过UnityContainer对象的Resolve方法来获取指定对象关联的对象
UnityContainer container = new UnityContainer();//创建容器
container.RegisterType<IWaterTool, PressWater>();//注册依赖对象 默认注册（无命名）,如果后面还有默认注册会覆盖前面的
container.RegisterType<IWaterTool, PressWater>("PressWater1"); //命名注册
IWaterTool water = container.Resolve<IWaterTool>();
IWaterTool water1 = container.Resolve<IWaterTool>("PressWater1");
Console.WriteLine(water.returnWater());
Console.WriteLine(water1.returnWater());
Console.Read();
}
} /// <summary>
/// 压水井
/// </summary>
public class PressWater : IWaterTool
{
public string returnWater()
{
return "地下水好甜啊！！！";
}
} /// <summary>
/// 获取水方式接口
/// </summary>
public interface IWaterTool
{
string returnWater();
}
}
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//1.在配置文件<configSections> 配置节下注册名为unity的section
//2.在<configuration> 配置节下添加Unity配置信息
//3.在代码中读取配置信息，并将配置载入到UnityContainer中
IUnityContainer container = new UnityContainer();
container.LoadConfiguration("MyContainer");
UnityConfigurationSection section
= (UnityConfigurationSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("unity");//获取指定名称的配置节
section.Configure(container, "MyContainer");//获取特定配置节下已命名的配置节<container name='MyContainer'>下的配置信息 IWaterTool water = container.Resolve<IWaterTool>("PressWater");
Console.WriteLine(water.returnWater());
Console.Read();
}
} /// <summary>
/// 压水井
/// </summary>
public class PressWater : IWaterTool
{
public string returnWater()
{
return "地下水好甜啊！！！";
}
} /// <summary>
/// 获取水方式接口
/// </summary>
public interface IWaterTool
{
string returnWater();
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration> <configSections>
<section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection,Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration"/>
</configSections> <unity>
<!--定义类型别名-->
<aliases>
<add alias="IWaterTool" type="ConsoleApplication1.IWaterTool,ConsoleApplication1" />
<add alias="PressWater" type="ConsoleApplication1.PressWater,ConsoleApplication1" />
</aliases>
<!--容器-->
<container name="MyContainer">
<!--映射关系-->
<register type="IWaterTool" mapTo="PressWater" name="PressWater"></register>
</container>
</unity> <startup>
<supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5.1" />
</startup>
</configuration>
属性注入（Property Injection）：如果需要使用到被依赖对象的某个属性，在被依赖对象被创建之后，IoC容器会自动初始化该属性；
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
UnityContainer container = new UnityContainer();
container.RegisterType<IPeople, VillagePeople>();
container.RegisterType<IWaterTool, PressWater>();
IPeople people = container.Resolve<IPeople>();
Console.WriteLine(people._pw.returnWater());
people.DrinkWater();
Console.Read();
}
} /// <summary>
/// 压水井
/// </summary>
public class PressWater : IWaterTool
{
public string returnWater()
{
return "地下水好甜啊！！！";
}
} /// <summary>
/// 获取水方式接口
/// </summary>
public interface IWaterTool
{
string returnWater();
} /// <summary>
/// 人接口
/// </summary>
public interface IPeople
{
IWaterTool _pw { get; set; }
void DrinkWater();
} /// <summary>
/// 村民
/// </summary>
public class VillagePeople : IPeople
{
[Dependency]
public IWaterTool _pw { get; set; }
public VillagePeople(IWaterTool pw)
{
_pw = pw;
}
public void DrinkWater()
{
Console.WriteLine(_pw.returnWater());
}
}
方法注入（Method Injection）：如果被依赖对象需要调用某个方法进行相应的初始化，在该对象创建之后，IoC容器会自动调用该方法。
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
UnityContainer container = new UnityContainer();
container.RegisterType<IPeople, VillagePeople>();
container.RegisterType<IWaterTool, PressWater>();
IPeople people = container.Resolve<IPeople>();
Console.WriteLine(people._pw.returnWater());
people.DrinkWater();
Console.Read();
}
} /// <summary>
/// 压水井
/// </summary>
public class PressWater : IWaterTool
{
public string returnWater()
{
return "地下水好甜啊！！！";
}
} /// <summary>
/// 获取水方式接口
/// </summary>
public interface IWaterTool
{
string returnWater();
} /// <summary>
/// 人接口
/// </summary>
public interface IPeople
{
IWaterTool _pw { get; set; }
void DrinkWater();
void ObjectInit();
} /// <summary>
/// 村民
/// </summary>
public class VillagePeople : IPeople
{
[Dependency]
public IWaterTool _pw { get; set; }
public VillagePeople(IWaterTool pw)
{
_pw = pw;
}
public void DrinkWater()
{
Console.WriteLine(_pw.returnWater());
}
[InjectionMethod]
public void ObjectInit()
{
Console.WriteLine("方法注入");
}
}
}
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